Membrane Transport include the following:
- Passive Transport
- Active Transport
- Exocytosis
- Endocytosis
- Phagosytosis
- Pinocytosis
Passive transport is a diffusion of a substance across a membrane with no energy investment. It is the tendency of molecules of any substance to spread out evenly in space. It is driven by intrinsic kinetic energy of molecules. A molecule or ion that causes a membrane by moving down a concentration of electrochemical gradient and without expenditure of metabolic energy is said to be transported passively.
- Simple diffusion - higher concentration to lower concentration
- Facilitated Diffusion - molecules can go inside the cell membrane by transport protein
- Osmosis - transport of water or gradient through a semi-permeable membrane.
What is an ACTIVE TRANSPORT?
Active transport enables a cell to maintain its internal concentrations of small molecules that would otherwise diffuse across the membrane. It is performed by specific proteins embedded in the membranes. ATP supplies the energy for most active transport. It requires the cell to expend metabolic energy.
What is EXOCYTOSIS?
Exocytosis takes place when a transport vesicle budded from the golgi apparatus moved by the cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane.
What is ENDOCYTOSIS?
Endocytosis takes place when a small area of the plasma membrane sinks inward to form a pocket.
What is PHAGOCYTOSIS?
Phagosytosis is also known as the "cellular eating" process. The cell engulfs a particle by extending pseudopodia around it in a large vesicle.
What is PINOCYTOSIS?
Pinocytosis is also known as the "cellular drinking" process and is the counterpart of phagocytosis. A cell creates a vesicle around a droplet of extracellular fluid. All included solutes are taken in into the cell in this non-specific process.
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