Prokaryotic Cells

What are PROKARYOTIC CELLS?
Prokaryotic cells are cells that do not have nucleus. They also do not possess membrane-bound organelles. Its name "prokaryotic" is derived from the Greek words, "pro" which means "before" and "karyose" which means "kernel". Thus, these words mean before a nucleus which mean that prokaryotic cells have no nucleus.

What are the PARTS of the Prokaryotic Cell?

The Prokaryotic cell

1. Capsule-this is the additional outer covering of the cell. It is the protection of the cell when it is engulfed by other organisms. It helps in retaining moisture and adhere the cell to surfaces and nutrients.
2. Cell Wall-the cell wall outer covering of the cell which protects it and this gives the shape of the cell.
3. Cell Membrane/Plasma Membrane-this surrounds the cytoplasm and regulates the flow of substances that go in and out of the cell.
4. Pili-these are the hair-like structures on the cell's surface which helps the cell to attach to other bacteria cells.
5. Flagella-these are the whip-like structure that aids in the locomotion of the cell.
6. Ribosomes-these are the organelles that produce protein.
7. Plasmids-are organelles that carry the cell's genetic structure or DNA.
8. Nucleoid-Although prokaryotes do not contain nucleus, they have a nucleoid which contains single bacterial DNA molecule. 

Two Classifications of Prokaryotes

1. Bacteria-are single-celled organisms that are found everywhere
2. Archea-are prokaryotes that are found in extreme environments